New Delhi. The first DNA vaccine against Kovid-19 is going to be launched in India soon. The three-dose ZyCoV-D vaccine has been developed at Zydus Cadila, Ahmedabad. Another feature of this vaccine is that the needle will not be used to inject it, but it will be injected into the skin through a high-pressure jet. Not only this, this is the first vaccine to be made in India, which will be applied to the age group of 12-17.
What is it that makes ZyCoV-D different?
ZyCoV-D had received emergency use consent from the Drug Controller of India on 20 August this year. This is the second vaccine after Bharat Biotech’s Covaccine which has been completely prepared in the country. Regarding the technology used for the vaccine, the company says that, this is the first time that modern technology like the plasmid DNA platform has been successfully developed for human use. This is India’s first vaccine, which can be applied to children in the age group of 12-17 after trials. Zydus Cadila also says that thanks to the rapid plug and play technology of ZyCoV-D, the vaccine easily copes with the mutation in the virus.
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The Nature Journal report states that scientists have been trying to make a vaccine based on the DNA platform for a long time. The only problem with this is the immune response which used to come up every time. Apart from this, despite being more powerful than other DNA vaccines, ZyCoV-D is a three-dose vaccine. However, if seen, most of the big pharmaceutical companies are now preparing for booster dose. To achieve better immune response, ZyCoV-D has a delivery mechanism that is different from any other vaccine against COVID-19. Instead of injecting it into the muscle, it will be injected through a non-needle device, this device injects fluid with high pressure, puncturing the skin, due to which it is not painful when injected.
How to get vaccine without injection
The company says that ZyCoV-D is an intradermal vaccine, that is, an intradermal vaccine, for which the system is used without a needle, an advantage of this is also that it has less side effects. US-based Pharmajet, a non-needle injector, will be used to inject ZyCoV-D, a device that delivers a narrow, precise stream of liquid (drug or vaccine) into the skin. Although needleless technology has existed since the 1940s, the company says that its technology has been continuously improving. Another great feature of this device is that it is better for the environment as it will reduce the use of disposable series.
How effective is this vaccine?
The primary results of Phase 3 show that this vaccine is 66.6 percent effective on the corona virus. According to the news published in the New York Times, the company claims that none of the volunteers who administered the vaccine had any serious illness and no one died, which suggests that the first DNA-based vaccine ZyCoV-D Kovid-19. But gives better results. For Phase 3 trials, 28,000 volunteers were taken from 50 locations across the country. The special thing is that this trial was done during the second wave, after which it is being speculated that this vaccine can prove to be effective on the delta variant as well.
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The rate of effect of ZyCoV-D is much lower than that of other nucleic acid vaccines, although experts say that the trial of the second vaccine took place at a time when the country was affected by less infectious strains of the virus, while ZyCoV- The trial of D took place during the time when the Delta variant was spreading terror in the country. Although the results of the Phase 3 trial of ZyCoV-D are yet to be reviewed and published, the company’s Managing Director Dr. Sharvil Patel says that a report is being prepared based on the interim analysis of Phase 3 trial and Soon it will be published in a reputed journal.
What type of vaccine is ZyCoV-D
The Zydus Cadila vaccine falls under the category of genetic or nucleic acid vaccines. In this vaccine, the genetic information of the virus is sent to the human body, it contains an important component of the virus i.e. spike protein which attacks by reaching the human cell. The immune system recognizes this attack and produces antibodies that thwart the attack of this spike protein. Genetic vaccines can be made by both RNA and DNA methods. The Milken Institute, a US-based organization, says that the DNA-based vaccine works by transmitting the blue print of viral genes through genetic engineering into small DNA molecules called plasmids in people. As soon as it reaches the body, the cell takes the DNA plasmid, follows its instructions and prepares the viral protein. Which the immune system considers as external, activates its system and in this way it is protected from disease. In many countries, this vaccine is now being used as a major vaccine.
What will be the dosage and how will I get it?
While on the one hand two doses of the Kovid-19 vaccine are being administered worldwide, and Johnson & Johnson and Sputnik Light take only one dose, it is interesting to take three doses of ZyCoV-D, these doses for 4 weeks. will be placed in the gap. Although the company says that two doses of 3mg will also have the same effect as the current three doses. The vaccine can be stored at 2 to 8 °C. At the same time, the company says that even keeping it at 25 degree temperature for 3 months does not cause any harm. This is the special feature of this vaccine, which makes it more convenient to carry than mRNA vaccine. The company says that they have a plan to make 10 to 12 crore vaccines every year.
How safe is the genetic vaccine
There is no risk in this type of vaccine because no living part of the virus is used in it, but instead its genetic information is used as a code. As far as its construction is concerned, all the hard work is done only till the genome is sequenced, after that it can be easily prepared.
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Orignally published at Tailored Stash
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